Flag Carriers

Airlines: The World's Flag Carriers

A flag carrier is also often referred to as a national airline. It is an airline company that is registered in a certain country, and it receives special privileges from the government. Such a company can be owned by the state or a private company, but it is a state-designated organization. By establishing flag carriers, countries can boost their economies and promote a sense of nationalism. Many flag carriers receive direct assistance from governments, which can come in the form of subsidies or other incentives. Here is a list of the world’s flag carriers in alphabetical order by country.

  • Costa Rica: Lacsa (part of TACA)
  • Ecuador: TAME (in Spanish)
  • Netherlands: KLM

Travel Planning Checklist

Travel Planning Checklist

Planning a trip requires a fair amount of work. Making sure you're organized and well-prepared can help to ease a lot of stress, prevent any unnecessary issues and make your overall trip an enjoyable experience. Using a travel checklist can help to keep all of your ducks in a row. The following checklist can be a good starting point.

  • Triple check that all of your documents are together and safely stored (passports, airline tickets, etc).

  • Make sure your passport, and the passports of your family members, are valid and have not expired if you're traveling outside of the country.

  • Make sure your tickets are in an easily accessible place for check-in at airports, train stations and bus stops. Digging around for tickets or other travel documents will hold you up during check-in and security.

  • Make sure you have a valid photo ID other than your passport on you at all times. This will be needed if you're flying, renting a vehicle or checking into a hotel.

  • Ensure that the hotel you've chosen has the option for use of a safe to keep important documents. Keep your travel documents here if you are outside of your hotel room; leaving this information out in the open can put personal information at risk.

  • Make sure you have documentation of any medical issues in case of emergency.

  • When traveling, make a detailed budget and stick to it. This can help to prevent financial issues later on. Try to overestimate for any unforeseen circumstances.

  • Shop around for airfare. While all-inclusive travel search engines can be beneficial, you may be able to get a better deal by calling the airline, hotel or car rental agency personally.

  • Thoroughly research potential hotels, including reading reviews. You should always keep your budget in mind, but finding the cleanest and best located hotel in your price range may take some digging.

  • If you're traveling to another country, thoroughly research the currency and the exchange rate before you leave. This will help to protect you from paying a significantly higher amount in exchange rates.

  • If possible, exchange money at your bank or a local embassy. Airports, hotels and any other exchange outlet near tourist areas often charge much higher rates and additional fees.

  • If you're renting a car, thoroughly research the company before making any commitments. While an unknown, small company may seem like a good deal, it could also be a scam.

  • Ask your hotel for a schedule of local transportation. Taking buses, trains or subways can save you a lot of money and will often be quicker than driving in many large cities.

  • If you're traveling to another country, learn the local traffic laws if you will be driving before you go. Knowing how to read road signs and what rules to follow can protect you from possible accidents and legal issues.

  • Always keep your prescription medication in their original bottles. The bottle should be clearly marked with your name, prescription number and contact information for your doctor. This will not only prevent you from being detained through security checkpoints, but also provide any medical professionals that may be treating you during an accident with lifesaving medical information.

  • Make sure your health insurance company will cover you in case of emergency, even if you have to go to a doctor or hospital outside of their network.

  • If your insurance company does not provide this type of coverage, it can be extremely beneficial to purchase travelers insurance for medical purposes. In some countries, you will not be able to leave if you have a balance with any creditor, including a hospital. In the least, this will protect you from racking up a significant hospital bill.

  • Research any potential health risks of the area you will be traveling to. This can include what foods to avoid, whether it is okay to drink the water or if there is any outbreak of a disease that you may be susceptible to.

  • Pack for the weather. Before leaving, look-up the forecast for your destination and plan accordingly.

  • Putting toiletries into travel bottles, instead of keeping them in their original packaging, can save you a lot of room in your luggage.

  • Place any toiletries that may be at risk for leaking in a sealed plastic bag. This will protect your clothing should any bottles rupture.

  • Make a list of everything you will need a few days before you pack and then use the list as you go. This will help to ensure you don’t forget anything.

  • Make sure you have a change of clothes in your carry-on luggage. This will be extremely helpful in the event that your luggage is lost or stolen.

  • Research the local laws of the area you are traveling to and make sure you do not bring anything with you that is not allowed in the country.

  • Make arrangements to board your pets in advance. Waiting until the last minute may limit your choices of facilities.

  • If a friend or family member will be taking care of your pet while you're gone, make sure you provide plenty of food, any well-loved toys and contact information for your pet's vet and yourself in case of emergency.

  • If you aren’t bringing your child or children with you on your trip, make sure the person caring for them has each child's insurance information and details on how to contact their doctor.

  • If your child requires any medication, make sure you provide their caretaker with more of the medication than you think the child will need. This can be helpful if you're delayed from returning on time.

  • If you're traveling to a foreign country, you may need to obtain additional vaccinations for yourself or your family members. The type of immunizations you need to enter another country are typically found on the country's tourism site.

  • Your own country may recommend additional vaccinations; get these if at all possible, and especially if you are in less than perfect health.

  • If you book anything online, whether a car rental, hotel, flight or activity package, make sure you confirm over the phone with the company.

  • Keep hard copies of confirmation documents with you in the event that your reservation is lost.

  • If you paid with a credit card, make sure you have the same card with you when traveling.

  • Over planning a trip can make it stressful. Make sure you leave time in between activities to relax or be spontaneous.

  • While some activity packages can be a good deal, talk to management at the hotel you will be staying at. They may be able to recommend some activities you will enjoy and even be able to get you a better price than you could get on your own. You can do this before you leave or once you get there.

  • If you want to do something without the children, many higher-end hotels provide in-room babysitting services for a small fee. This can give parents the opportunity to go out once the children are ready for bed.

Travel Safety

Travel Safety

Traveling, whether inside your country or to another, can be risky. Preparing yourself and traveling safely can greatly reduce or eliminate a lot of the risks associated with travel. Inform yourself on keeping your personal information safe, lookout for any possible terrorist activity or threats and always have emergency information on hand to keep yourself safe. Purchasing travel insurance and learning what to do in an emergency situation can help to make your trip enjoyable and keep you out of harms way.

Identity Protection/Document Safety

With the recent increase in identity theft crimes, protecting your sensitive information in your daily life is important. It is just as important, if not more so, to keep your information safe while traveling. Leaving your home unattended provides thieves with the chance to steal personal documents from your home and computer, putting your bank accounts and credit score at risk. Studies have also found that thieves are more likely to prey on obvious tourists; taking steps to keep your photo ID, passports and credit cards safe while on the road can help to protect you from these issues. Here are some ways you can protect your identity and documents.

  • Before leaving for your trip, make sure that the information you leave behind is protected. Lock your personal documents, including social security cards, credit statements and other information a person could use to steal your identity in a safe. If you have a trusted neighbor in the area, ask if they can keep an eye on your home while you're gone and notify the police of any suspicious activity.

  • Stop the delivery of mail and newspapers while you're away. An overflowing mailbox or several papers in your driveway is a huge indication to potential thieves that you're away from home. If possible, leave a few lights on in your home; this can give the illusion that someone is there, even if there isn’t.

  • Notify your bank and credit card companies that you're leaving town, especially if you're traveling to a foreign country. This will allow them to flag any transactions made in your absence, and protect you from possible issues once you get to your destination. Many companies, due to the increase in identity theft, will put a hold on an account if an unusual transaction is made in a foreign country. By letting them know where you will be, you can greatly reduce the risk of any unnecessary headaches while traveling.

  • Once you reach your destination, take advantage of your hotel's safe. Most major hotels and motels offer visitors with access to a personal safe, either in their room or in the hotel office, so you can store any personal documents while you are away from your room. Use the safe to store anything you aren’t taking with you that could be used to steal your information; wallets, passports and laptops should never be left unattended in a hotel room.

  • If you use online banking, try to avoid checking your account over the internet, especially in internet cafes. The wireless internet used at most of these locations is relatively easy to hack into; logging into your account or accessing other personal information can provide a hacker with your account information and passwords, leaving your money at risk.

Terrorism & Travel

When traveling outside of the country, it is important to research the terrorism threat level of your destination. This can tell you what areas you need to avoid and, in some cases, if you are legally allowed to travel to the country at all. In the least, doing this type of research can better prepare you for your trip, allowing you to keep in mind and be on the lookout for any possible threats to yourself or your family. It is also important when traveling to another country to locate your country's embassy. In many cases, you can check in with your embassy when you enter the country and when you leave. If the worst happens, the embassy will have a record of your presence, and may be able to help protect you from a terrorist threat.

Emergency Information

Traveling safely means keeping all of your emergency information on hand. This can include contact information for a family member or any medical information that could determine the type of care you receive if you're in an accident. Many people choose to keep this type of document in their wallet. Listing prescriptions you're currently taking, any allergies you may have and who to contact in case of emergency can ensure that you're treated in the best manner possible.

Travel Insurance

For frequent travelers, investing in travel insurance can be extremely beneficial. The most common type of travel insurance is trip cancellation/interruption coverage. In the event that you cannot make a flight, whether due to illness, death, weather or government duty (military or jury duty), you can get the cost of your travel refunded to you from the insurance company. If, before your trip, your government issues a warning about the country you will be traveling to, this type of insurance policy will often refund the cost of the trip.

Travel insurance can also be useful for medical emergencies. Many health insurance companies only cover care in a specific area. If you're traveling and have a medical emergency, travel insurance may pay for what your usual health insurance company will not. Travel insurance ranges from very basic, cheap packages that are good for a single trip to more comprehensive packages for frequent travelers. Insuring your trip before you leave can save you a great deal of money and protect you in emergency situations.

What To Do In An Emergency Situation

If you're faced with an emergency situation while traveling, it is important to keep a cool head. If you're facing a medical emergency, ensure that a close friend or family member is contacted as soon as you are able to do so. If you're facing car trouble, contact not only the local authorities but also your car insurance company. In many cases, your insurance company can track down phone numbers for you, send a tow truck to your location, and get a head start on any claims if you've been in an accident. While emergency situations are stressful even when you're home, they can be even more stressful when you're in a place you aren’t familiar with. Knowing who to contact and staying as calm as possible can make things go a lot smoother.

Basic Safety Tips

Traveling, whether for business or pleasure, should be as enjoyable and safe as possible. By following these few safety tips, you can be on your away to making the best of your trip.

  • Protect your luggage. Use covered luggage tags so your home address is not visible to others, and stay with your baggage until is is checked. This can protect your property from being stolen, and prevent anyone from placing things in your luggage that aren’t yours.

  • Make sure any prescription medications you have on you are in their original bottle and labeled with your name, your doctors name and the pharmacies name. This can protect you from legal troubles if your bags are checked.

  • Wearing flashy jewelry or pulling out wads of cash to pay for items can be considered a green light for pickpockets and thieves. Keep things simple and safe.

  • When in your hotel, make sure the windows are locked and you utilize the deadbolt on the entrance door. If at all possible, only stay in hotels that use a key card for the doors, rather than a metal key.

  • If you're traveling with a child, make sure you have a current photo of them in the event that they become lost. A recent picture can make it much easier for authorities to find a missing child.

  • Keep your passport hidden and only show it to legal authorities if requested.

  • If you're traveling to a country with a high crime rate, consider hiring a security escort for your protection.

While you cant always plan for the worst or even prevent it from happening, you can make sure that your information is as protected as possible and you are prepared to handle any situation or emergency. Traveling, while not without its risks, can be an enjoyable experience. Staying aware of your surroundings, keeping a cool head and making sure you are organized and prepared is the best and safest way to travel, whether to another town or another country.

Traveling with Others

Traveling with Others

Travel is a way for people to meet new friends and enjoy unfamiliar surroundings. Whether a person is traveling with others or alone, every trip requires some level of preparation. For instance, taking a car trip with a dog means that its owner should plan where to stop to allow the pet to walk around and relieve itself. A person traveling with children must plan ahead regarding what toys and snacks to pack. Furthermore, a woman traveling on her own must leave her travel information with a friend or family member so her whereabouts are always known. Making the proper preparations will increase the chances that a trip will be both safe and enjoyable.

Travel with Children

Whether it's a trip to the beach or to a different country, a child has the opportunity to learn a lot on a family adventure. Parents must prepare for the specific type of trip they will take. For instance, sometimes a long car ride can make a child feel weary and irritable. Consequently, it's helpful for parents to have games planned that the whole family can participate in on the car ride. Also, a parent who makes plenty of stops to allow kids to stretch their legs or eat a snack is likely to have a peaceful carload of passengers. With young children, it's especially helpful for parents to take along plenty of things to keep them happily occupied.  

Travel with Pets

A pet makes for a fun addition on many traveling expeditions. For example, many people enjoy taking their dogs along on camping trips. After all, walking trails in the woods is even more of an adventure when shared with a loyal canine. Before embarking on a trip with a pet, an owner must make a few preparations. Unfortunately, a pet may become lost on a trip. It's important for an owner to make sure that the pet is wearing a collar with identification or has a microchip with significant information. An owner is more likely to find the pet if it has some sort of identification on it. 

Travel with Elderly

Someone who is traveling with an elderly person must plan the trip around that individual's capabilities. For example, an elderly person may not be able to walk long distances. Consequently, the elderly person's traveling companion may opt to arrange for a wheelchair if there's a lot of distance to cover in an airport or at another location. A traveling companion must be sure to take along all of an elderly person's medications as well as anything that will make him or her more comfortable on the trip. Thoughtful preparation will allow both travelers to enjoy every aspect of the adventure.

Women Only Travel

Women who travel alone must always be mindful of their safety. Unfortunately, some people attempt to victimize travelers who are alone. For instance, a woman arriving at a hotel alone may be followed to her room by a stranger. In order to be safe a woman can ask an employee at the front desk to walk her to her room. In addition, if a woman is traveling alone she should let her loved ones know where she is staying. Calling loved ones on a daily basis is also a wise idea for a woman who is traveling alone.

Travel is an effective way for many people to gain fresh perspective. Furthermore, traveling with loved ones and friends can make the experience all the more memorable.

Foreign Travel

Foreign Travel

Traveling to a foreign country is an exciting opportunity. It can however be a little scary or nerve wracking, especially if you are travelling alone or travelling to a country where you don't speak the language, so being prepared for a variety of potential situations is essential. Before travelling, doing research about the country, culture and customs of the area you will be visiting will help prepare you by providing a picture of what to expect of the country and people. It will better enable you to respond in a way that is respectful to the host country’s customs.

There is much to do and plan for when traveling to a foreign country, depending on the country you are traveling to you may need to visit the doctor for shots and it is helpful to have proper travel insurance in case you get sick abroad. Travel guide books are a helpful tool when planning a trip to a foreign country. Guide books can provide you with information on a variety of important things such as weather conditions at various times of the year, the currency of the area you are visiting, the popular tourist destinations in the area and some of the less popular destinations as well. Guide books may also provide some information on when the busiest tourist season for an area is, and when to go if you want a more relaxing and less crowded trip.

Additional things that should be considered when deciding to travel to another country is knowing the basics of the local laws in the country, the necessity of passports and knowing how to contact the embassy in the country you are visiting.

Language Barriers

In regions all across the United States, there are many different dialects, some are harder to understand than others. This holds true for other English speaking countries as well. In parts of England, it may be easier to understand someone in one part of England than it is in a different part of England. This holds true for other English speaking countries as well. Different countries may use words you are unfamiliar with to explain something you have been using for years. For instance, a person in Englad riding in a car with an American may be able to communicate effectively most of the time, but if the English person suddenly tells the American to hit the "anchors" the American may not understand that they should step on the brakes.

Now you have to give consideration to the country you are going to be visiting. Will it be English speaking or a different language and if it is a different language will you be staying in “tourist” spots, where you will likely encounter many English speakers or will you be visiting spots that locals have very little or no English speaking skills?

It’s important to have a good grasp of basic phrases down before you go. You can also bring a phrase book with you and use it as you go. You can even hire a local guide to help you navigate the city. Whatever you choose to do and even depending on where you will be going, it’s helpful to think about the language barriers before you go on your trip. It will also make your trip a much smoother one if you plan for the language barrier beforehand.

Transportation in Foreign Countries

Dependent on the country you are traveling to you may have a few different options to get around. In many countries, especially those in Europe and the UK, the rail system is very good. Busing is also very good in some areas and not as convenient in others. While many people choose to use the rail system over the bus, the bus provides you with the opportunity to see more of the city.

If you are planning on traveling throughout the country and don’t want to use the rail or subway system, you may want to consider renting a car and driving, however, in many countries they drive on the opposite side of the road from the United States. In many of the poorer countries, the driving conditions aren’t as good. Between the local drivers and the road conditions it can even be downright hazardous, consider a different form of transportation if you are unsure.

In certain countries, like those in Asia, you can even travel to different destinations by boat along the rivers. This is a slower mode of transportation, but you will definitely get a good feel of the country’s inhabitants and how they live this way. Another way to travel from one side of the country to the other is to go by plane; it’s much faster, though it may not be as economical. However, in some instances, there are no roads and it may be your only option to get where you want to go.

It’s important to do your research before leaving on any trip to know what transportation options are available in the area you are visiting and to have an idea of how to use them.

Travel Alerts and Warnings

Travel warnings are one of the most important aspects of planning your trip abroad. It is very important to keep informed about any travel warnings that there might be. Sometimes the country’s political climate is very unstable and outbreaks of riots and violence can cause anyone caught in the middle to get hurt or worse.

In some countries, there will almost always be travel warnings, especially those in the middle east like Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia Iran and Iraq. There are also many countries in Africa that have travel warnings, like Somalia, Sudan, Egypt and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The list of countries with a travel warning can be found on the U.S. Department of State’s website. Be sure to check often because the list of countries changes often. There are times when the American Embassy is closed due to the political climate.

The State Department started a program called STEP (Smart Traveler Enrollment Program), it is a service provided for free by the government to help you in case of an emergency when you are abroad. They also give you information on the country you are going to be visiting, such as fact sheets. In addition, it will keep you updated on travel alerts and travel warnings. It’s a good idea to register with this program as soon as you are able.

Travel With a Purpose

Some people choose to travel with a purpose. This is when they decide to travel abroad, but sign up with a nonprofit organization. It’s a not only a great way to see the world, but also to help those in need while doing so. Doctors and even nurses can sign up with Doctors Without Borders. If you want to help with education or environmental and agriculture you can join the Peace Corps. Another way would be to join an organization like Lutheran World Relief, they provide different services to communities across the world. There are also many different volunteer opportunities with organizations like Volunteer Abroad in many areas across the globe doing anything from helping with child care to helping with sustainable development.

With so many different organizations to choose from its best to do your research ahead of time. Think about the type of work you want to do, where you want to do it and research the organizations you are considering joining. It is a great and very fulfilling experience. It’s also a great way to see the world and get immersed in different cultures around the world.

Guide to Passports and Visas

Guide to Passports and Visas

Although traveling outside of the country is easier than ever before, it requires additional documentation than traveling within U.S. borders. Special identifying documents known as passports and visas must be obtained to gain access to other countries regardless of the duration of the stay. It is important to make sure that if you are planning to venture beyond the borders of the United States, that you make sure that you are in possession of these documents, that they are up-to-date, that you know where they are, and that they are not tampered with. The process of initial application, as well as, renewal may take several weeks. It is crucial to file the necessary documentation as soon as you are able. It is not uncommon for citizens, who do not currently have plans to travel abroad, to file for a passport just in case. 

 

Passports

Passports are identifying documents that are issued by a person’s country of residence. These documents are proof of the traveler’s citizenship, age, and gender, and they indicate where the individual holds permanent residence while in the host country. Most of those who have a passport from a country will also be citizens of that country, but that is not always the case. For instance, the United States issues U.S. passports to U.S. citizens and to non-citizen permanent residents of the country.

Even though passports are necessary to enter other countries legally, a passport does not guarantee entry into any country except the one that issued it. However, if the issuing country has diplomatic ties with the country that is being visited, it is likely that the destination country will allow the passport holder to entry.

In the United States, passports are issued by the U.S. Department of State. Applying for a passport is not difficult. First-time applicants must apply for a passport in person at one of the many locations that the State Department authorizes to receive passport applications. Generally speaking, these locations are usually post offices and courthouses. Applicants will need to bring identification like their birth certificate, drivers license, and social security card, as well as two passport photos (Or they can take a picture of you there). Passports can be renewed online through the State Department or applicants can submit a request for a passport at their local post office. Renewing a passport will require the renewal applicant to mail in the expired passport as well as a new passport photo. Depending on the amount of passport applications that are currently being processed, it can take six weeks or more to receive a passport, but the service can be expedited for an additional fee.

Applicants will be required to pay a fee for their passport even if they do not have it expedited, and this fee will vary depending on the type of application. The fees for the document themselves are the same whether the applicant is applying for the first time or renewing their passport, but a $25 execution fee is added to the cost for those who are making their first application for a passport. As of 2011, an adult passport card costs $30, an adult passport book costs $110, and the total for both is $140.

At home or overseas, travelers sometimes lose their passports. If U.S. citizens lose their passports while they are in the United States, they must notify the State Department by phone, mail, or in person. If U.S. citizens lose their passports while outside of the country, they must contact their embassy or consulate. The following links explain these processes and give other information about passports in more details.

• Passports — This site from Senator Crapo discusses what a passport is, how to apply, renewal, fees, and where you need it to travel. 

• Citizenship and Immigration: Passports — U.S. immigrants can learn all about getting passports and replacing them if necessary on this page.

• DHP: E-Passports — Learn all about electronic passports on this page from this Department of Homeland Security website.

• Passport and Passport Cards — Some general information on U.S. passports and passport cards is accessible on this site.

• Replace Your Lost or Stolen Passport — Advise on what to do and contact information is found here if you lost your passport. 

• State Department: Passports — U.S. citizens can find out all about passports and apply for them here.

• USPS: Passport Applications — Information on applying for a U.S. passport through the United States Postal Service can be found on this page.

• The Passport Center — This site discusses your first passport, the fees, passport safety, renewals, etc.

• Need a Passport? — This website from Delta provides information on many aspects associated with getting and having a passport.

• Find A Passport Center — This site only needs your zip code and will tell you the closest, most convenient place to get a passport.

Visas

A visa is a travel document that shows that a non-citizen is allowed to enter the country that issues it. Stamps in passports are actually visas, although the term is most often used nowadays to refer to specific papers that are issued and that grant specific permissions to the visiting individual. Visas will typically be required for stays of thirty days or more, and there are many different kinds of visas that one may apply for and receive.

Student visas that allow individuals from other countries to stay in a host country provided the fulfill certain enrollment requirements at a college or university are quite common, and these are often obtained with the assistance of the college the foreign national is attending. Business visas may be required for those individuals that are going to be doing business while they are visiting the country. Those who want employment will typically have to obtain a temporary worker visa.

Many countries today do not issue tourist visas, which are permissions for stay granted to those who will only be in a host country temporarily. In these instances, only a passport will be required. U.S. citizens should be aware that they will need to have a passport to travel anywhere in the world, including Canada or Mexico, which is a change from a decades-old policy that did not require passports for traveling between the U.S., Mexico, and Canada. In any case, specific information on visa requirements for particular countries is accessible by visiting the embassies in those lands online or by contacting the State Department. More information on visas and visa requirements is accessible via the following links.

• 10 Tips on Getting a U.S. Visa — Students should find this guide to getting a U.S. visa especially useful.

• Chinese Visa — United States citizens should visit this page for information on obtaining a Chinese visa.

• Delta Visa and Passport Information — This is a good overview page on visas and passports from Delta Airlines.

• F1 Student Visa — This helpful page has a lot of good information on obtaining a student visa.

• Know Before You Go — Travel Centre allows visitors to figure out whether they have sufficient travel documents before visiting another country.

• UK Visas: FAQs — On this page of frequently asked questions, readers can learn about visa requirements for the United Kingdom.

• U.S. Government Visas — Citizens of other countries can find information on obtaining visas for a stay in the United States on this page.

• U.S. Embassy — Learn how to contact the U.S. embassy in each country on this page.

• Visa Gallery — The Visa Gallery makes pictures of visas from around the world accessible to visitors.

• Visa Requirements by Citizenship — Visitors can choose their country of citizenship to figure out the visas that might be required when visiting another nation.

• Visa Types — This page contains a list of the different types of Visas issued in the United States.

• Washington, D.C. Embassies — Find links to all the embassies in Washington, D.C., embassies where information on obtaining visas in represented countries is located.

• Need a Visa? — This site from Delta will help you determine what kind of visa you need. 

Passports & Visas For Minors

As noted above, U.S. citizens are required to have a passport to travel outside of the United States and visit other countries. This is true for minors under the age of 16 as well. Parents and guardians can obtain passports for children of this age through the same application process, and visas for minors cost less than those for adults. Children who are going to be staying in a country for an extended period of time will need visas, and the specific requirements for these will vary depending on the country in which the family is seeking to reside temporarily. Still, it is generally true that it is easier for kids to get visas once their parents have obtained them. Since many Americans adopt children from other countries, they should also be aware that these kids will need a U.S. visa before the adoption can be finalized. This last set of links provides more information on passports and visas for kids, and they should be consulted so that the reader will be better informed on the process.

• Getting a Passport for Baby — USA Today offers this excellent guide to obtaining a passport for a baby that will be traveling internationally.

• Getting Your Child a Passport — For twenty years, this travelers’ website has provided good information on topics like getting a passport for a child in the United States.

• Travel Documents for Children — AAA has this handy article on the kinds of travel documents that are required for kids.

• Travel for Kids: Documents — This is a more extensive list of the documents that one should have when traveling with children.

• Intercountry Adoption: Visas — This page details visa requirements for children who are adopted from other countries and brought to the United States.

Traveling in the US

Traveling in the US

Traveling in the US can be an enjoyable experience for people of all ages and backgrounds. Whether going on an RV trip, camping or driving in a car, the usual expenses of vacations can be eliminated with a little creativity. With proper planning, a great trip can be had for even those with limited funds. Choosing your mode of transportation, whether vehicle, train or plane and then picking a place to stay at night can get you well on your way to exploring some of the wonders that America has to offer.

RVing

RVing can provide the adventure of a road trip and camping with the comfort of modern conveniences. Whether you own an RV or plan to rent one for a trip, this type of travel can be a fantastic way to see a large amount of the country in one vacation. An RV trip can be spontaneous or planned, and provide you with the opportunity to see parts of the country outside of tourist destinations. From the local attractions of a small town to the camaraderie of an RV campsite, this type of travel can be a great way to get away from it all.

While the lure of an RV trip is often about going wherever you may feel like heading, a little bit of planning can make your trip run smoothly. Plotting a course and doing some research into the areas you will be passing through can help you determine where you want to spend your time when not driving. Even if you simply decide where you will park each night, having a destination in mind can make traveling the US easier. In general, it is best to limit the amount of driving done each day. This can help to eliminate fatigue and provide ample time to take in the sites. RVing is considered the ultimate road trip, and a great way to tour the United States.

Camping

A camping trip, whether staying in a private location or at a camp ground, can be an adventure for the entire family, a group of friends or someone looking for a little time alone. Even if you decide to go with a camp ground, this type of travel is typically the most budget friendly even after gear is purchased. For a basic trip, a tent, sleeping bags, portable grill and cooler are often all you need. While longer trips may require more supplies, camping is, by nature, very basic.

Camping allows you to choose a beautiful location anywhere in the US to spend some relaxing time swimming, fishing, hunting or simply enjoying the great outdoors. These trips require very little planning and are often suitable for all ages. Camp grounds often have bathrooms, even shower facilities, along with organized activities suitable for the entire family. For enthusiastic campers, one could travel from site to site over a few weeks, enjoying several different types of locations.

Driving Tips

Driving while traveling in the US can be a good way to save some money while exploring new places. If you will be driving for a long period, it's important to take a break every two hours to rest and move around. Extensive driving, especially at night, can put you at an increased risk of getting into an accident. If more than one person will be going on your trip, try to switch off driving duties with one another. This can make your trip go much quicker while still giving everyone some down time.

When you're planning your drive, make sure to make time for bathroom breaks and stops for food and gas in your schedule. Many driving trip planners online also offer a weather forecast for your route, which can help you plan for any inclement weather. You may also be able to research gas prices, allowing you to save money on the road. Before you set out on your trip, make sure you have your insurance information, any emergency contact information, and tools for basic car repairs in the vehicle. Even if you have GPS, it may also be helpful to have a hard copy map of the area you will be driving in; in some places, GPS coverage is weak or nonexistent.

Car Rental Tips

If you will be renting a car for a road trip or to use at your destination, make sure you thoroughly research each possible company and what types of cars and rates they offer. Try to be realistic about the type of space you will need in a vehicle, as well as the mileage you will use. If you will be driving a lot, make sure your rental agreement includes unlimited mileage – paying per mile for a rental can get expensive.

If your car insurance company does not cover rental vehicles, it may be beneficial for you to purchase rental car insurance from the company. This can protect you from any accidents that you may encounter while using the vehicle. While most major car rental companies offer reservations online, you can sometimes get a better price by calling the local branch to reserve a vehicle. To save even more money, make sure to ask about any applicable discounts, especially if you are military or a student.

Traveling by Train

Traveling in the US by train can be either economical or luxurious. Depending on the rates, you may be able to reach your destination cheaper than you would by flying, and faster than you would in a car or bus. Train travel can also be a relaxing experience; many companies offer deluxe rail cars with plush accommodations and gourmet food. This, coupled with views of the sites as you pass through on your way to your destination, can make train travel an excellent option for many.

If you're planning a long trip with many stops, it may be beneficial to purchase a rail pass rather than individual tickets. Peak train travel time in the US is between April and September, so ticket prices are often higher during these times. You can purchase tickets at a rail station, online or over the phone. Train travel can be a relaxing way to visit one or several locations in the US without the hassle of driving or the cost of airline tickets.

Finding Lodging

Once you've nailed down your destinations when traveling in the US, you can begin booking lodging. Searching online can be a good starting point, giving you an idea of what is available in different places. However, oftentimes calling the individual hotel will get you a better deal on a room. When traveling, it is often best to choose lodging based on location if local attractions are your main goal of the trip. If you're looking for a relaxing spa weekend, reading customer and media reviews of each option can help you to make the best choice.

While making lodging reservations before your trip is often best, some people like to wing it a little bit. As long as you aren’t traveling during peak travel times, finding a decent room is typically not an issue, unless you're in a very touristy area. For those on a road trip, motels can be a convenient and cheap place to rest your head at night. In some cases, hotel chains (even the luxury ones) will have available rooms for late-night walk-ins. As long as accommodations aren’t your top priority, deciding where to stay once you get to your destination can be an adventure.

All American Travel Destinations

Times Square in New York City is full of bright lights, gorgeous theaters and tasty food. This coupled with the overall atmosphere of the city make it one of the top travel destinations in the US.

Las Vegas, Nevada is unofficially known as a playground for adults. Late night shows, casinos and all you can eat buffets make it a great getaway for those over 21.

Washington DC, the nation's capital, is full of historical buildings and memorials. This location can be a terrific educational family destination.

Niagra Falls, New York is considered one of the most beautiful places on earth. This natural wonder makes the perfect backdrop for a romantic getaway, and local attractions are ideal for families.

The Grand Canyon in Arizona State is one of the highest rated and most visited travel destinations in the world. For those who have been, it is considered a once in a lifetime experience.

Traveling in the US can be done on almost any budget and be tailored to fit individual and family needs. The United States has some amazing places to explore; an adventure is often only a drive or train ride away.

Study Abroad: A Comprehensive Guide

Study Abroad: A Comprehensive Guide

In today's interconnected world, knowing and understanding other nations and cultures can be a valuable asset to a student. Although colleges and universities require global study classes to help their students become well-rounded, living is learning. Study Abroad is the best way for students to learn the culture of another country. Each year, thousands of students travel overseas, usually for a minimum of one semester, to take classes, live with a host family or university, and immerse themselves in a foreign culture. The decision to study abroad is a very important one. It requires a lot of information and resources. Take your time to read through this article and the additional resources provided if you have ever considered taking this amazing journey.

Why Study Abroad?

Studying abroad certainly makes for an exciting adventure. The thrill of seeing new places cannot be matched, nor can the experience of meeting people who are very different in terms of attitude, beliefs, appearance, and culture. Students can build strong relationships with these people and with the ease of today's global communication, stay friends for life. 

By meeting and interacting with people in other countries, students can learn far more about other cultures than they could in a classroom. Students can learn to develop empathy for others and a truer appreciation and understanding for other ways of doing things, for every society does things differently.

Studying abroad also exposes students to teachers with whom they would not otherwise get to study. These instructors can greatly enrich the student’s educational experience and provoke learning experiences that the student would not ordinarily get to be a part of. Students can also learn the cultural differences within the classroom. Studying abroad can connect students to top experts in their field that do not live within the United States. 

There are many other advantages to studying abroad, but a final one that must be mentioned is studying abroad can greatly increase a student’s proficiency in another language. Being immersed in a culture that speaks another language is the best way to learn that language. Within the classroom, it is common for teachers to provide the proper and formal approach to a language. By being submerged, students can learn the informal slang and cultural deviation of the language.

Why?

  • All Abroad — Readers can find some of the basic benefits to studying overseas on this page.
  • Forum on Education Abroad — A non-profit organization dedicated to the field of studying abroad. This website provides great information on this subject.
  • Comparing Costs — The University of Minnesota offers this brief, helpful guide to comparing the costs of overseas study programs in order to help students make an enrollment decision.

Where?

  • The World Factbook — This website from the CIA can help you choose which country is right for your study abroad trip. 
  • Study Abroad with AIFS — This website provides information on 20 popular study abroad countries and reasons to choose each. 
  • Choosing a Program — The tips outlined in this article will guide you in your efforts to choosing a program.
  • National Geographic Countries — Learning about different countries where one might study is always a good idea, and National Geographic is a good way to get this education.
  • Why Study Abroad in Asia? —This page explores the distinct reasons and advantages why students would want to study abroad in Asia.

Preparing to Study Abroad

Once the decision has been made to study abroad, there are lots of things do to in order to prepare. The most obvious of these is making sure that the student has the appropriate passport and visa. Host schools should be able to give students more information on the documents that will be required.

Students will also want to contact their health insurer to find out what to do in case of an illness or emergency while overseas. It might be necessary to purchase additional, temporary coverage, so money should be set aside for that expenditure should it be required. Students will also want to check with their country’s health ministry to find out about the risks for specific diseases before they go. If they will be going to a country where malaria is a risk, for example, a malaria vaccination will need to be prescribed and administered before the trip is made. Specific information on this subject for U.S. citizens can be found through the Center for Disease Control.

Related to health and well-being is physical safety. Students should be aware of any risks to their safety in the city and country they will be residing, and this can be obtained by visiting the website for the U.S. Department of State. Students should remember that they are no longer in the United States, and to respect the host countries culture, beliefs, and values. Students should dress and act appropriately. Consult with the exchange program administrator to get more information on this specific aspect of overseas travel.

Of course, none of these preparations benefit you unless you get into a studying abroad program, so make sure that you apply in time to get accepted. Check with your school's study abroad office for specific information, but the following resources offer important suggestions and advice.

Before You Go

  • Things to Learn Before You Leave — The University of Illinois provides this excellent page on what students should know before they leave for an overseas study trip: Including things to pack, monetary issues, transportation issues, guidebooks, information on hostels, etc.
  • Before You Go — Although this site has a lot of specific information for students of Carnegie Mellon University, it can help any student who wants to prepare for overseas study.

Organizations That Can Help

  • SCIET: Studying Abroad — The Council on Standards for International Educational Travel offers information on accredited and recommended programs for international study.
  • Going Abroad — Guide from the US Dept of Education on studying abroad.
  • Mobility International USA — For over thirty years, Mobility International USA has worked to insure that people with disabilities can participate in international exchange programs.
  • Students Abroad — This official U.S. Department of State webpage is specifically designed to assist students in preparing to study abroad and for help once they are overseas.
  • Study Abroad — StudyAbroad.com is a comprehensive resources with information on studying abroad, study abroad programs, and more.
  • Worldwide Classroom Travel Planner — The Worldwide Classroom Travel Planner has helpful links on the left side of the page for information on international study and preparing for it.
  • Diversity Abroad — This website focuses on study abroad and dealing with diversity.  
  • Embassy — This website provides access to every US embassy in the world.

Health & Safety

  • Travelers’ Health — Before going overseas, students should consult this site from the Centers for Disease Control for information on maintaining health while overseas.

Funding Overseas Study

Cost typically represents the biggest obstacle to students wanting to studying abroad. Fortunately, there are many ways to obtain funding for such programs. Dozens of foundations and governmental entities offer scholarships, loans, and grants to qualified students who want to study overseas. The links in this section will take readers to some of the most well-known funding resources for overseas education.

Of particular interest to low-income students is the TRIO program offered through the U.S. Department of Education. Students who are at an extreme disadvantage for paying for overseas study can obtain grants and other financial aid to travel overseas. Students on Pell Grants and other hardship assistance should especially consider this option.

  • TRIO Programs — TRIO provides funding and other helps to disadvantaged students for higher education.
  • COE: Work and Study Abroad — The Council for Opportunity in Education provides assistance to help students of lesser means prepare for and pay for work and study abroad.
  • ISTC Discounts — The International Student Travel Confederation provides information on discounts available to students for travel and study overseas.
  • Marshall Scholarships — Marshall Scholarships are awarded to U.S. students who want to pursue graduate education in the United Kingdom.

Coming Home

Spending an extended period of time away from home can create “reverse culture shock” to students when they return to their homeland. Since advisers, parents, teachers, and friends focus so much attention on the initial culture shock students may feel when arriving to the host country, reverse culture shock is often overlooked. Because of this, many students are unprepared for this phenomenon, which can be marked by depression, irritation, and anxiety as students miss their new friends and have difficulty readjusting to "normal" life. Returning students and their loved ones who are prepared for this are better able to cope. Loved ones should give the student a good deal of space and not be so shocked if they display a new streak of independence. Students who are returning home should try to talk as much about their experiences with someone who is willing to listen as they can. This will help the student process their experience and integrate it with the rest of their life at home. Everyone experiences “re-entry” into their home culture differently, so students should not be dismayed if their feelings do not match those of other oversea students who have come home. Some more information on coming back home after studying overseas can be found in the following resources.

  • Returning to the U.S. — The University of Miami offers this basic guide to students for dealing with life once they return from studying overseas.

Study Abroad Programs

Due to the near-insatiable demand for study abroad experiences, there are an almost endless numbers of organizations and government programs that facilitate student exchange. The following links represent some of the largest and best-known study abroad programs

  • AYUSA: Study Abroad — Teenagers can find a good study abroad program for them at this comprehensive site.
  • CIEE: Study Abroad — The Council on International Educational Exchange hosts several popular study abroad programs.
  • Education Abroad Network — The Education Abroad Network is another good option for finding a program for studying abroad.
  • Eurolearn — Eurolearn makes study abroad opportunities in Europe available to North American students.
  • IES Abroad — For over fifty years, the Institute for the International Education of Students has offered students the opportunity to pursue studies in other countries.
  • Semester at Sea — Semester at Sea is another popular program that provides opportunities for students to study abroad.
  • Syracuse University Abroad — Syracuse University Abroad offers overseas study programs that live up to the high standards of Syracuse University.

Healthy Traveling

Healthy Traveling

Whether you are planning a trip for a honeymoon, for a business venture or simply a family vacation, there is a lot that goes into preparing for a healthy trip. With recent health scares such as H1N1, sars and the bird flu, it is extremely important to be extra cautious when traveling and ensuring that you have prepared yourself before and during the trip. Before you book the trip, make sure that you have done your research and know where the destination rank on the scale of the healthiest or unhealthiest places to go and decide if it is worth the risk. Whichever place you decide to travel to, you will need to make sure that you are up to do with the recommended vaccinations.

Healthiest and Most Unhealthy Places To Go

When traveling to developing countries, chances are that they are going to be the riskiest destination choice in terms of health. You come in contact with bacteria that your body is not used to whether it is from food or other objects that you come in contact with. The healthiest places to go are areas that are more developed than the rest; examples include Japan, Norway, Australia, New Zealand and Ireland. The unhealthiest places to go are going to be countries that are undeveloped which include Peru, the Philippines, Morocco, Bulgaria, Afghanistan and Albania.

 

Get Yourself Vaccinated

Getting yourself vaccinated is a vital part of healthy traveling. In order to find out which vaccines you need to obtain, contact your local travel clinic or visit the CDC’s website to find their comprehensive list of recommended vaccines for each country. Ideally, you should set the vaccination appointment four to six weeks before your trip. In addition to the recommended vaccinations, there is one required vaccination by International Health Regulations which is the yellow fever vaccination. Although this is the only required vaccination, it is strongly advised that you obtain the recommended vaccinations for your particular destination.

 

Travel Related Diseases

Travel related diseases are simply defined as diseases that can affect you while traveling. There are a number of bacteria and diseases that you will come in contact with and a lot of the resistance will have to do with vaccinations and the proper preparation and prevention measures you take while you are on the trip. Some of these travel related diseases include African sleeping sickness, which you can catch from a fly’s bite. Other travel related diseases include malaria, lyme disease, cholera, amebiasis, scabies and typhoid fever. The most common types of conditions that you will come in contact with include diarrhea, dengue fever, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis and yellow fever.

 

How to be Prepared

Preparation for a healthy traveling experience is crucial in order to have the best time possible. In order to be prepared you must learn about your destination, visit a doctor before your visit and consider whether or not you are too sick to travel or if you have special health needs. Plan ahead in the event that you do get sick while on your trip or that you get injured; pack any medication that you may need and know where the local health facilities are at your destination. While you are on your trip you should pay attention to how your body feels. Be cautious about the food and drinks that you consume, use insect repellent as suggested and make sure that you get a check up from your doctor when you return home.

 

Traveling On A Budget

Traveling On A Budget

These days, venturing outside the area you live in on vacation can be a mite expensive. With all of the associated costs – food, lodging, gas, entertainment, more food – it can get out of hand quickly. Even short trips can rack up large bills if you aren't careful. This is not meant to scare you away from traveling. On the contrary, vacationing in a new place is an awesome experience, and one that can be had for cheaper than usual, providing you plan ahead. The planning does not necessarily need to be extensive to be effective. A little internet searching and a few phone calls may be all that is necessary to save yourself a ton of money.

Plan Well in Advance if Possible

It is a commonly held belief that booking a flight far in advance will allow you save money on the tickets. True, even more so in the current time of rising fuel costs, which eventually trickle down to the customer in raised ticket prices. Avoid this by booking far ahead. Also, the days you choose to fly on can also save money, with Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday being the cheapest days. Further, still speaking about air travel, check for surrounding airports near your destination. Often, flying into a less popular or smaller airport near your target airport can save big bucks. Of course, flying brings it's own challenges, such as transportation when you land. If you are visiting a large city that has a well established public transportation system, this burden is eased. If not, you may have to rent a car, leading to higher costs still. Planning far in advance allows you to find good deals, especially on hotels and flights. During the past year, about 90 million people in the US used the power of the Internet to plan their travel in advance – and I'll bet they saved money.

  • Road Trip America – Here we have plenty of resources for free, including map making, route planning, and even seasonal tips.

  • Trip Advisor – Listed as the world's largest travel site, this page is fueled by actual reviews from real travelers; over 40 million of them. Great research tool.

  • US Boomers – A comprehensive checklist to run through during your planning stage, to include commonly overlooked tasks like who will mow your lawn during your trip.

  • AAA – American Automobile Association web site that allows you to plan your travel based on destination or interest.

  • Vacation Critic – Family vacation ideas and planning resources with tips and lots of information.

Reward Yourself

Travel rewards. Reward points. Airline miles. At some point through advertising, you have most likely heard at least one of these terms. Credit card companies like it when people spend money on credit; it allows them to provide a service to customers. Consequently, the companies will reward customers with incentives. Some offer cash back or free hotel stays, some offer airline miles that are redeemable for discounted and free airfare, and still others dole out points that can be redeemed for all sorts of items and bonuses. This doesn't mean you should take out a new line of credit and charge a bunch of money just to get bonuses. Rather, you should use these cards well in advance and use them as you normally would to build up the points gradually. There are other options as well that do not require you to spend money on credit. Organizations such as the American Automobile Association (AAA), American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) offer discounts to their members. Typically, membership must be paid for, but the benefits received far outweigh the cost. AARP, for example, costs 16 dollars a year. Here are some further resources to help you on your journey.

  • Expedia – This is one of the most used travel booking websites on the internet, and they offer their own kind of rewards program.

  • Reward credit cards – Huge listing of credit cards broken down by travel rewards offered, interest rate, etc.

  • AARP – AARP home page of the member benefits offered by this organization, with everything from car rentals to cruises.

  • AAA – Also a site showing what benefits are available to members, from hotel discounts to bus ticket discounts.

Planes, Trains, and Automobiles

Costs can vary wildly based on the method you use to travel. Whether it be by your own car or a rental, bus, train, or plane, the costs change based on a few factors. A family of four with two children over the age of three will need four separate plane tickets. Depending on the airline, you will also have to pay about $50 to check each bag. Then you will need a rental car at the airport to drive you to your hotel. As you can see, the costs add up fairly quickly. The method used must be tailored to your individual situation. Driving may be the cheapest method for relatively shorter trips. It may also be a fun idea to take a sleeper train to your destination; not only is this cheaper than flying, it can become part of your trip. As someone once said, “the journey is part of the gift”.

  • Train Traveling – The world train traveling guide from 2011 has tips and guides to traveling by passenger trains.

  • Greyhound – Although not the only game in town for bus travel, Greyhound offers discounts and deals as well a rewards program.

  • Budget Travel – Tons of links to different places on saving money during travel, and has sections for all major types of transportation.

  • Fare Compare – If you decide to fly, this resource will allow you to compare prices from several different places.

  • RV travel – Recreational Vehicle Industry Association report on hoe traveling by RV is cheaper than other forms.

Hotels and Accommodations

For almost everywhere you can imagine vacationing at, there will be some type of lodging. They will not always be large chain hotels, but motels and inns abound around the country. One of the best ways to save money during a trip is on your lodging. Depending on the decisions you make, your lodging could end up being the largest chunk of your travel budget. Traveling during “off-peak” times, such as the middle of the week and not near holidays can save a lot of money. Hotels have the same amount of room regardless – if they don't rent them, they don't get money. It is seen by some lodging operators to rent a room below the cost normally charged because no matter what kind of math you use, something is always more than nothing. Another cheap alternative is hostels, which offer substantially cheaper rates, but with very few amenities. In some hostels you even have to pay for your showers. Hostels are not for everyone, but you should make the most informed decision possible.

  • Six Ways – Six fantastic tips and pieces of advice on saving money at hotels or other forms of lodging.

  • AirNInja – This is a phenomenal site that searches many, many sites across the Internet simultaneously to get you the best deals.

  • TravelSense – Along with several other categories, there is a section of tips about saving money on lodging.

  • Hostels Explained – Lots of good information explaining hostels, what they offer, and what you should not accept when choosing one.

Recommended Reading

Here is short list of articles that should be researched further for better information and resources on traveling smartly and saving money.

  • 7 tips for world travel – Seven very detailed and supported tips to save money during travel, focusing on international travel.

  • Don't Travel Stupid – Nine good tips from National Public Radio (NPR) on how to travel frugally but still with common sense.

  • Cheap Tickets – Unlike a similarly named site, this page offers links to all kinds of tickets, from cruises to sporting events.

  • Cheap Hotels – Instead of focusing on common travel destinations, here are some cheap hotels in less traveled places.

  • Lonely Planet – More than a travel site, there are guides, ideas, tips and information on destinations and such.

  • Frommer's – Frommer's is a well known expert in travel guides, especially internationally. Here are their deals and news.

Affordable Vacation Spots

Good deals can be found anywhere you wish to travel. It may take some finesse and some negotiating, but wherever you go, there are affordable deals to be had. Some reading on the subject can spur you on in the right direction and make your vacation all the more enjoyable.

  • 5 US spots – Article about 5 of the cheapest vacation destinations in America, in some of the most naturally beautiful locales around.

  • The Beach – Guide to the top 10 budget beach vacations, and not all of them are in the United States.

  • Smarter Travel – Great resource on how to find affordable spots, broken down into continents and spanning two pages.

  • Family Destinations – The top five (according to these people) budget destinations for traveling as a family.

  • Dollar Friendly – More than any other resource I have provided, this page from the Travel Channel makes me want to go tomorrow. Here are some places around the world that will allow your money to go further.

  • Main St. - According to these people, the global recession is to thank for the downturn in tourism. Regardless, here are their top 10 budget vacation spots.